Provably Fair
This article explains the measures and verification methods taken for fair results.
Overview
Solving Trust Issues in Online Gaming
The underlying concept of provable fairness is that players have the ability to prove and verify that their results are fair and unmanipulated. This is achieved through the use of a commitment scheme , along with cryptographic hashing.
This is simplified in the following representation:
Fair results = authoritative third-party + uncontrollable principle + randomness
An authoritative third-party refers to a recognized, reputable, and independent third-party organization that can provide trustworthy random numbers or game results. Neither the third-party nor the clients themselves can control or influence the outcome.
The uncontrollable principle refers to the random numbers or game results generated under uncontrollable factors, such as hash functions on the blockchain. Neither the operator nor the clients can predict, control, or influence these random numbers or game results. This principle ensures the fairness and randomness of the game results.
Randomness refers to the randomness of the random numbers or game results. Randomness is crucial, as it can prevent operators from manipulating the game results. By using authoritative third-party and uncontrollable principles, randomness can be ensured.
3rd Party
Prediction：Chainlink
Chainlink Oracle is a blockchain-based data source supported by Chainlink. It enables smart contracts to access and use data from the external real world by bringing off-chain data onto the blockchain. Chainlink Oracle utilizes a decentralized node network that plays a critical role in collecting, validating, and submitting data. These nodes collect off-chain data, such as stock prices, weather data, sports scores, and submit it to the blockchain for use by smart contracts. The design of Chainlink Oracle aims to enhance the reliability and security of smart contracts by avoiding unreliable data sources and centralized single points of failure.
block hash is a string of 64 hexadecimal characters. Each character can be a digit from 0-9 or a letter from a-f. This hash value is used to uniquely identify each block on the block.
A hash value is a function that converts a message of arbitrary length into a fixed-length digest, and it has the characteristics of one-wayness, collision resistance, and avalanche effect. Due to the one-wayness of the hash function, meaning that it is impossible to reverse the output hash value to derive the original input message, the hash value is unpredictable.
Taiwan lottery
British Columbia Lottery Corporation
OPAP
Georgia Lottery
Game Events
Prediction
"Popular" has used two price sources in our price prediction market, each of which plays a different role in the prediction market.
ChainLink Oracle
Used for the Lock price and End price of each prediction market round. This updates in intervals of 20 seconds.
Our prediction contract uses the ChainLink Oracle price feed to set the prices used to dictate whether a user has won or not.
Used for the "Chainlink" chart on the interface.
Binance
Used for real-time price updates on the Popular prediction market interface.
Used for the "TradingView" chart on the interface.
Due to the use of two different price sources, the real-time price updates from Binance and the prices from ChainLink Oracle may have slight differences, but they should not have significant fluctuations.
TRON1 TRON3 TRON5 Ethereum1 Ethereum3 Ethereum5 Binance1 Binance3 Binance5
In lottery, the numbers "1", "3", and "5" represent the lottery running time, i.e. 1 minute, 3 minutes, and 5 minutes respectively. The lottery number is drawn from the last 5 digits (ignoring letters) of the block hash value.
For example, if the block hash value is 000000000319f5d15f357b244dc1fe3161fac4c8dba6b7e92a67c9fbadc5f2bb, then the last five digits are 67952, and the winning number is 6-7-9-5-2.
Chainlink10
Chainlink10 is a lottery game that runs every 10 minutes. After the sales deadline, a 5-digit random number in the range of 00000-99999 is requested from Chainlink VRF.
TRON1-Cash5 TRON3-Cash5 TRON3-Cash5 Ethereum1-Cash5 Ethereum3-Cash5 Ethereum5-Cash5 Binance1-Cash5 Binance3-Cash5 Binance5-Cash5
Cash5 is a type of lottery game. The numbers "1", "3", and "5" respectively represent the lottery running time, i.e. 1 minute, 3 minutes, and 5 minutes. The lottery number is drawn from the last 5 unique characters (ignoring duplicates) of the block hash value. Each of the numbers 0-9 corresponds to its respective value, while the letters a=10, b=11, c=12, d=13, e=14, and f=15.
For example, if the blockchain hash value is 000000000319f5d15f357b244dc1fe3161fac4c8dba6b7e92a67c9fbadc5f2bb, the last 5 unique characters are c-5-f-2-b (ignoring the repeated character ). Since c=12, b=11, and f=15, the lottery number would be 12-5-15-2-11.
TRON1-Sic Bo TRON3-Sic Bo TRON5-Sic Bo Ethereum1-Sic Bo Ethereum3-Sic Bo Ethereum5-Sic Bo Binance1-Sic Bo Binance3-Sic Bo Binance5-Sic Bo
Sic Bo is a type of lottery game where the numbers "1", "3", and "5" represent the duration of the lottery in minutes. The winning numbers are determined by taking the last three letters of the block hash value, ignoring any numbers. In this game, the letters "a" through "f" correspond to dice 1 through 6, respectively.
For example, if the block hash value is 000000000319f5d15f357b244dc1fe3161fac4c8dba6b7e92a67c9fbadc5f2bb, then the last three letters are f-b-b, where f corresponds to dice 6 and b corresponds to dice 2. Therefore, the winning number is (dice 6-dice 2-dice 2), which is 662.
Taiwan5
Taiwan5 is a lottery game derived from the evolution of Bingo Bingo, issued by the Taiwan Lottery Corporation. In Bingo Bingo, 20 numbers are drawn from a range of 1 to 80 to determine the winning numbers. The winning numbers are then processed according to certain rules to obtain the winning numbers for Taiwan5. The evolution rules are as follows:
Arrange the winning numbers in ascending order.
Add the numbers from the 4th to the 6th positions and take the units digit of the sum as the result for #1.
Add the numbers from the 7th to the 9th positions and take the units digit of the sum as the result for #2.
Add the numbers from the 10th to the 12th positions and take the units digit of the sum as the result for #3.
Add the numbers from the 13th to the 15th positions and take the units digit of the sum as the result for #4.
Add the numbers from the 16th to the 18th positions and take the units digit of the sum as the result for #5.
Canada 3.5
Canada 3.5 is a lottery game that evolved from Keno, a lottery issued by the British Columbia Lottery Corporation in Canada. In Keno, 20 winning numbers are drawn from a range of 1 to 80. The winning numbers for Canada 3.5 are derived through a process called evolution.
Here are the evolution rules:
Sort the winning numbers in ascending order.
Add the numbers from the 4th to the 6th positions and take the units digit of the sum as the result for #1.
Add the numbers from the 7th to the 9th positions and take the units digit of the sum as the result for #2.
Add the numbers from the 10th to the 12th positions and take the units digit of the sum as the result for #3.
Add the numbers from the 13th to the 15th positions and take the units digit of the sum as the result for #4.
Add the numbers from the 16th to the 18th positions and take the units digit of the sum as the result for #5.
*Tron adopts a 3-second block time as the confirmation time for winning blocks.
*Ethereum adopts the block produced at the 11th second of each minute as the confirmation time for winning blocks.
*Binance Chain adopts a 3-second block time as the confirmation time for winning blocks. If there is no block in 3 seconds, the next available block, such as 4 seconds, will be used for confirmation, and so on.
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